If a child screens positive for autism risk on a screening tool, what is the next step?

• A. Provide only educational materials to parents.
• B. Schedule a wait-and-see approach for a year.
• C. Refer for MRI of the brain.
• D. Refer for formal diagnostic evaluation and initiate early intervention if indicated.

Answer: (D)

When a child screens positive for autism risk, the next step is to proceed with a formal diagnostic evaluation by a qualified professional. Screening tools are designed to flag potential concerns, not confirm a diagnosis, so a comprehensive assessment is needed to determine whether the child meets criteria for an autism spectrum disorder and to identify any coexisting needs.

This evaluation typically includes a detailed developmental history, observation of social communication and behavior, and standardized diagnostic instruments, along with hearing and vision checks and medical evaluation as needed. If autism is diagnosed or strongly suspected based on the assessment, start early intervention promptly, as early, evidence-based therapies can improve language, social skills, and adaptive functioning. The other options—providing only educational materials, waiting a year, or obtaining an MRI—do not address the need for a definitive diagnosis and timely intervention.